29 Feb 2024 — Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is consistently associated with an increased risk of developing 32 adverse health outcomes, including cancer, adverse mental, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and metabolic health issues and all-cause mortality in the latest review. UPFs are defined as industrial formulations primarily made up of chemically modified substances derived from food and prepared with taste, texture, appearance and durability enhancers.